(DOWNLOAD) "Ambientes Pasados y Presentes: La Evolucion de la Toma de Decisiones" by Andreas Todd, Peter M. Wilke " Book PDF Kindle ePub Free
eBook details
- Title: Ambientes Pasados y Presentes: La Evolucion de la Toma de Decisiones
- Author : Andreas Todd, Peter M. Wilke
- Release Date : January 01, 2010
- Genre: Psychology,Books,Health, Mind & Body,
- Pages : * pages
- Size : 79 KB
Description
Past and present environments: the evolution of decision making Evolutionary biology distinguishes between proximal and ultimate goals. The single ultimate goal, driving all of evolution, is reproduction--specifically, increasing the proportion of one's genetic representation in future generations. Survival is only important insofar as it leads to increased reproduction for oneself or one's kin. There are many proximal goals, some more closely related to survival, such as finding food and avoiding predators, and others more associated with reproduction, such as finding mates and protecting offspring (see Buss, 2008). Different species will evolve different sets of proximal goals depending on their biological setting including the ecology in which they are enmeshed and the life history they have evolved to lead (e.g., Stearns, 1992). For example, for sea anemones that simply release sperm and eggs into the water, parental care is not an issue, whereas for humans with internal fertilization and few, initially helpless, offspring, it is a major adaptive concern. Members of species with parental care are faced with the goal of identifying one's offspring, so that an individual's care and resources are directed toward genetic kin rather than another's offspring. The mind is filled with domain-specific decision mechanisms that have evolved by natural selection for achieving these proximal goals, and evolutionary psychology is dedicated to identifying and understanding those mechanisms (Todd, Hertwig, & Hoffrage, 2005). The purpose of this paper is to lay out a framework for how these decision mechanisms can be studied within evolutionary psychology, emphasize the often-neglected role of the decision environment when studying human behavior and cognition, and provide an illustrative example of how an evolutionary perspective can help us detect more of the adaptive decision making capacities humans possess.
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